Zeon Exports
Zeon Exports Zeon Exports
Alloy 2304, designated as UNS S32304, is a lean duplex stainless steel with a dual-phase microstructure containing both austenitic and ferritic phases in roughly equal proportions. This combination imparts a unique set of properties: higher strength than standard austenitic grades and better stress corrosion resistance than ferritic grades, all at a lower cost due to its reduced nickel and molybdenum content.
It is often considered a cost-effective alternative to 304L and 316L stainless steels, especially in mildly corrosive environments.
Chromium (Cr): 21.5–24.5%
Nickel (Ni): 3.0–5.5%
Molybdenum (Mo): ≤0.3%
Nitrogen (N): 0.05–0.2%
Manganese (Mn): ≤2.5%
Iron (Fe): Balance
This lean composition makes Alloy 2304 less expensive while still maintaining excellent mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties.
Higher Mechanical Strength
Alloy 2304 offers double the yield strength of traditional austenitic stainless steels like 304 and 316. This allows for thinner walls and lighter structures, reducing material costs without sacrificing durability.
While it does not match the resistance levels of higher-grade duplex steels like 2205 or
2507, Alloy 2304 performs very well in:
Mild chloride environments
Freshwater and urban atmospheres
Certain acidic and alkaline conditions
Its pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) is typically around 25–26, superior to
304L and comparable to 316L.
Weldability and Fabrication
Alloy 2304 can be welded using most standard techniques. However, precautions must be taken to avoid overheating and to maintain the balance between ferrite and austenite phases.
Lower thermal expansion compared to austenitic grades
Higher thermal conductivity
Excellent fatigue strength, making it suitable for cyclic loading conditions
Alloy 2304 is widely used in industries that require moderate corrosion resistance and strength, including:
Structural Components: Bridges, building supports, and reinforcements
Marine Applications: Boat fittings, coastal structures, and dock
equipment
Pulp & Paper Industry: Digesters, liquor tanks, and processing vessels
Chemical Industry: Storage tanks, pressure vessels, and pipelines for
low-aggression chemicals
Water Treatment Plants: Filters, piping systems, and support frames
Cost Savings
Its lower nickel and molybdenum content make it more
affordable than many other stainless steel grades, especially in volatile metal
markets.
Sustainability
Due to its long service life and recyclability,
Alloy 2304 contributes to sustainable construction and engineering practices.
Weight Reduction
High strength allows for lighter construction,
which reduces transport and installation costs.
Reliability
Good resistance to general and localized corrosion
ensures longer maintenance cycles and reduced downtime.
Not recommended for high-chloride or highly acidic environments
Welding requires control of heat input to avoid phase imbalance
May not replace higher-end duplex steels like 2507 for extreme conditions
Alloy 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel offers an ideal blend of affordability, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. Whether you’re involved in structural design, marine equipment, or general fabrication, Alloy 2304 provides reliable performance with lower overall material costs.
For industries seeking to cut costs without compromising on quality and durability, Alloy 2304 is a smart, sustainable, and strong choice.